Remote Electronic Treatment Adherence Monitoring of Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa: A Pilot Study

Electronic patient adherence monitoring is a novel method for improving adherence to HIV treatment. This pilot study aimed to generate preliminary data for a larger trial. We determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of using electronic patient adherence monitoring in patients at high risk of failing second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Themba Lethu HIV clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa compared to the standard of care, which involves optimized adherence counseling. Furthermore, we describe adherence patterns of HIV-positive patients failing second-line ART using electronic adherence monitoring.